The question "What does back pain mean?"It may seem stupid.Everyone can test it.Dried, bred a heavy object, for a long time in a forced pose, an uncomfortable bed, here is a list of ordinary reasons to overload the back and pain.The decision presents itself.Drink a anesthetic and wait a quick recovery.
This does not always help.Pain can firmly earn a support point in the rear and become the worst enemy for weeks, months, years.Even then, some patients may not see a doctor, but continue to take the pills.
Pain is the signal of our body through the nervous system that there is a problem and must be solved.The situation is much worse when the disease progresses and nothing hurts.This occurs with oncological diseases when pain occurs in the last stages of the disease.
Types of pain
Non -specific: it requires over 85% of the doctor's visit.Associated with overload of muscles, ligaments, tendons, small joints of the spine.
Koreshka - Cause from the compression of the nervous root of an hernia.Up to 10% of cases.
Specific - caused by a certain disease.This includes a fracture of the spine, tuberculosis, purulent process, neoplasm, narrowing of the spinal canal, the disease of the abdominal cavity, a small basin and others.Up to 10% of cases.
Symptoms
Typical symptoms of non -specific pain:
- Appearance, exacerbation when it moves (acute rotation of the head, slope, weight lifting);
- It rises after a long forced position (computer sedentary work, with professional drivers, static statics for sellers);
- Limit mobility after sleep in an uncomfortable position, on an irregular surface.
The reason for these symptoms in violation of the motor stereotype, when some muscles and joints are overloaded, while others, on the contrary, do not participate in the movements.
There is an "unprepared" movement.When the muscles are not stretched, the ligaments are not heated and a large load or a very large volume of movements are given.Therefore, employees who are not involved in sport, after the chronounting events with gaming activities, cord city, competitions may not go to work the following day due to problems with the back.Another category is the pensionable gardeners.All the winter houses spent with minimal physical activity and suddenly gave an excess load on the spine.The result is pain, limitation of mobility.
The roots of the spinal cord are characterized by:
- Take pain in the fingers of the foot, brush;
- violation of the reflections;
- Changes of sensitivity (numbness, increased skin sensitivity);
- decrease in muscle strength;
- Symptoms in muscle tension.
According to these symptoms: pain in the tongue, numbness of the little finger on the arm or pain in the leg, it is often possible to determine quite accurately at what level in the spine there was a compression of the nerve without a magnetic resonance imaging.
Specific pain can indicate a potentially dangerous and serious disease.Threat symptoms:
- the beginning of the persistent back pain up to 15 years and after 50 years;
- Nature not emerging from pain (pain does not decrease alone, in a liar position, in some poses);
- the connection of pain with the injury;
- Pain fluissiness;
- the presence of oncology previously;
- temperature pain, weight loss;
- prolonged rigidity in the morning;
- Paralysis, pelvic disorders, serious sensitivity disorders;
- Changes in urine analyzes, blood.
The cause of these violations can be serious diseases:
- rheumatic diseases;
- malignant tumors;
- infections (osteomyelitis, abscess, tuberculosis, herpes that contains);
- vascular diseases (abdominal aorta aneurysm);
- blood diseases;
- osteoporosis;
- Renal diseases, cystitis;
- pancreatitis, duodenal ulcer;
- Spinal canal stenosis, vertebral fractures.
Therefore, it is better to consult a doctor to exclude dangerous causes.Especially if painkillers help weakly and there are dangerous symptoms.
Diagnostics
This is the most important phase of the treatment, since all further actions depend on it.It seems that you can make a radius X or a magnetic resonance imaging, so everything will become clear.But there are pitfalls here.A functional diagnostic doctor makes a conclusion on the basis of what he sees in the photo.But he does not examine the patient himself.Therefore, the results of the image are not the same as diagnosis.
We will analyze the example.If you take completely healthy people aged between 20 years, then almost half can be detected by the hernias of the intervertebral records.But this does not mean that they need a treatment, in the exam or in a surgery on the spine to eliminate defects.
Clinical recommendations for general study doctors of the National Institute to improve the health and social assistance standards of Great Britain in most cases with non -specific pain syndrome up to 1 year recommend x X -rays or magnetic coach/resonance imaging with a series of exceptions.
Isn't it an hernia causes pain?Only in 1 out of 10 cases. In all other cases, the hernia of the disc and back pain are not connected.
First of all, the history of pain development, the first episode, the circumstances (injuries, the load) are clarified, what other symptoms have appeared, apparently not related to back pain.
During the inspection, the curves of the spine, limiting mobility, muscle tension are assessed.Location of pain, signs of compression of the roots ("gives" in the leg, violation of the sensitivity of the limbs).
And only then, according to the indications, are CT/MRI performed, an examination of the general and biochemical blood is prescribed.
Therefore, the doctor should be diagnosed.It must determine the type of pain, the necessary studies, exclude the dangerous symptoms of specific pain and only therefore prescribe a treatment.
Treatment
Emergency room. Even before taking the pills, you can help yourself.It is necessary to download the spine and give the possibility to relax.To do this, we lie on a flat hard surface (floor, dining table, plywood sheet) on the back.Under your feet you have to put a large pillow, roller, stool, so that the corner between the body and the hips is 90 degrees in the knees.
We breathe slowly and try to relax as much as possible with any exhalation.You can lie what is necessary.The main thing is that the surface is not cold.Soft sofas, the beds are not suitable.
Drugs.Typically, the treatment begins with non -short anti -anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which will help relieve pain and inflammation.These drugs can be purchased without a prescription, but cannot be taken uncontrollable.
Their intake can lead to erosion, intestinal ulcers and stomach, bleeding.If there are already problems with the gastrointestinal tract, this increases the risk of complications.They can have a toxic effect on the liver.There is a risk for the cardiovascular system, the kidneys, with bronchial asthma.
Traditional fans have more side effects especially on the digestive system.But they are quite convenient.
Selective fans have a much lower harmful effect on the digestive tract, but have a higher price.
At the same time, the choice of the drug is better to entrust the doctor in order to correlate the risk and the benefit in each case.Perhaps prescribed drugs to protect the stomach.
Another group of drugs are muscle relaxants, help to relieve muscle spasm.
Condroprotectors are also used.
Life. Back pain doesn't mean you have to lie continuously.Bed rest, corsets and other devices that limit movements are not recommended.This will cause only weakening of the muscles that retain us in a vertical position.
It is necessary to maintain a reasonable activity to maintain the tone, normalize blood circulation.Light walks, gymnastics, physiotherapy exercises are suitable.
You must also sleep on a hard orthopedic mattress.Take breaks in the work to walk.Drink quite liquid.
Prevention
For prevention, it is necessary to strengthen your back to create a strong muscle corset.Physiological directions such as swimming, pilates and yoga are suitable.
Sleep is recommended on a rigid flat surface.The pillow is small, comfortable.
Raise bags of over 3 kg with a low part of the back straight with the force of the legs.The load is distributed uniformly by 2 hands.
Replace the bag with a backpack and wear on two straps
To reduce the load of shock on the spine, wear shoes with a thick elastic Sunella.It is recommended to reduce weight.